+
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+ if (!S_ISREG(stbuf.st_mode))
+ {
+ uint32_t block_size = 0;
+ uint64_t blocks = 0;
+
+ if (ioctl(dev->fd, DKIOCGETBLOCKSIZE, &block_size) != 0)
+ {
+ close(dev->fd);
+ free(dev);
+ exfat_error("failed to get block size");
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ if (ioctl(dev->fd, DKIOCGETBLOCKCOUNT, &blocks) != 0)
+ {
+ close(dev->fd);
+ free(dev);
+ exfat_error("failed to get blocks count");
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ dev->size = blocks * block_size;
+ }
+ else
+#endif
+ {
+ /* works for Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris */
+ dev->size = exfat_seek(dev, 0, SEEK_END);
+ if (dev->size <= 0)
+ {
+ close(dev->fd);
+ free(dev);
+ exfat_error("failed to get size of `%s'", spec);
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ if (exfat_seek(dev, 0, SEEK_SET) == -1)
+ {
+ close(dev->fd);
+ free(dev);
+ exfat_error("failed to seek to the beginning of `%s'", spec);
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ }
+
+#ifdef USE_UBLIO
+ memset(&up, 0, sizeof(struct ublio_param));
+ up.up_blocksize = 256 * 1024;
+ up.up_items = 64;
+ up.up_grace = 32;
+ up.up_priv = &dev->fd;
+
+ dev->pos = 0;
+ dev->ufh = ublio_open(&up);
+ if (dev->ufh == NULL)
+ {
+ close(dev->fd);
+ free(dev);
+ exfat_error("failed to initialize ublio");
+ return NULL;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ return dev;
+}
+
+int exfat_close(struct exfat_dev* dev)
+{
+#ifdef USE_UBLIO
+ if (ublio_close(dev->ufh) != 0)
+ exfat_error("failed to close ublio");
+#endif
+ if (close(dev->fd) != 0)
+ {
+ free(dev);
+ exfat_error("failed to close device");
+ return 1;
+ }
+ free(dev);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int exfat_fsync(struct exfat_dev* dev)
+{
+#ifdef USE_UBLIO
+ if (ublio_fsync(dev->ufh) != 0)
+#else
+ if (fsync(dev->fd) != 0)
+#endif
+ {
+ exfat_error("fsync failed");
+ return 1;
+ }
+ return 0;